For me, I found that shoes (inserts) make some of the difference, but most of all it is the surface.
Every year in March on the farm, I have to walk about five miles a day, no days off for healing. It terrifies me because I know my left calf cramps when walking. It turns out that on dirt ground, I can do it. It is the pavement and/or floor that is too hard on me.
So now, when I go for a walk, I step over onto the dirt/grass at the side of the road. Just have to watch for "little gifts"

on the edge of the road.
We have a great horse trail near our house. Again, "little gifts", only bigger.